# The Science of Spaced Repetition: Why Flashcards Work and How to Use Them Effectively Spaced repetition is one of the most powerful learning techniques discovered by cognitive science. Understanding how it works can help you optimize your study sessions and dramatically improve retention. ## The Forgetting Curve Hermann Ebbinghaus discovered that we forget information exponentially over time. Without review, most information is lost within days. However, each time we review, the forgetting curve becomes less steep. ## How Spaced Repetition Works Spaced repetition algorithms schedule reviews at optimal intervals—right before you're about to forget. This timing maximizes retention while minimizing study time. ## Creating Effective Flashcards - Keep cards simple and focused - Use active recall (question on one side, answer on the other) - Include context and examples - Mix different types of information ## Optimal Review Intervals Most spaced repetition systems use intervals like: - 1 day after first learning - 3 days after first review - 1 week after second review - 2 weeks after third review - And so on, with increasing intervals ## Common Mistakes to Avoid - Reviewing too frequently (wastes time) - Reviewing too infrequently (defeats the purpose) - Creating overly complex cards - Not being honest about your recall accuracy ## Making It a Habit Consistency is key. Even 10-15 minutes of daily flashcard review can lead to significant improvements in long-term retention.